; **************************************************************************** ; TRDOS386.ASM (TRDOS 386 Kernel) - v2.0.7 - hdformat.s ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Primary DOS Partition (FAT File System) Format Utility for TRDOS 386 v2 OS. ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Last Update: 28/10/2023 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Beginning: 11/09/2020 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Assembler: NASM version 2.15 (trhdboot.s) ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Turkish Rational DOS ; Operating System Project v2.0 by ERDOGAN TAN (Beginning: 04/01/2016) ; ; Derived from TRDOS Operating System v2.0 (80386) source code by Erdogan Tan ; trhdboot.s (10/09/2020) ; **************************************************************************** ; Derived from hdimage.s (08/03/2019), Retro DOS v2 Hard Disk BS Utility ; HDFORMAT.ASM ; Turkish Rational DOS ; Disk Operation System v2.0 Project ; Primary DOS Partition (FAT12, FAT16, FAT32 fs) FORMAT Code ; ; Copyright (C) 2020 Erdogan TAN ; **************************************************************************** ; assembling: nasm hdformat.s -l hdformat.lst -o HDFORMAT.COM -Z error.txt ; Note: Logical DOS drives in extended DOS partitions are excluded. ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; equations ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; boot sector parameters bsOemName equ 3 ; ('MSWIN4.1') --> 'TRDOS386' bsBytesPerSec equ 11 ; 512 (word) bsSecPerClust equ 13 bsResSectors equ 14 bsFATs equ 16 bsRootDirEnts equ 17 bsSectors equ 19 bsMedia equ 21 ; 0F8h bsFATsecs equ 22 bsSecPerTrack equ 24 bsHeads equ 26 bsHidden1 equ 28 bsHidden2 equ 30 bsHugeSectors equ 32 ; FAT 16 bs & FAT 12 bs bsDriveNumber equ 36 ; 80h bsReserved1 equ 37 bsBpbSignature equ 38 ; 29h (byte) bsVolumeID equ 39 bsVolumeLabel equ 43 bsFileSysType equ 54 ; 'FAT16 ' (8 bytes) ; FAT 32 bs BPB_FATSz32 equ 36 BPB_ExtFlags equ 40 BPB_FSVer equ 42 BPB_RootClus equ 44 BPB_FSInfo equ 48 BPB_BkBootSec equ 50 BPB_Reserved equ 52 BS_DrvNum equ 64 ; 80h BS_Reserved1 equ 65 BS_BootSig equ 66 ; 29h (byte) BS_VolID equ 67 BS_VolLab equ 71 BS_FilSysType equ 82 ; 'FAT32 ' (8 bytes) ; Masterboot / Partition Table at Beginning+1BEh ptBootable equ 0 ptBeginHead equ 1 ptBeginSector equ 2 ptBeginCylinder equ 3 ptFileSystemID equ 4 ptEndHead equ 5 ptEndSector equ 6 ptEndCylinder equ 7 ptStartSector equ 8 ptSectors equ 12 partition_table equ 1BEh ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; code ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [BITS 16] [ORG 100h] cli cld push cs pop ss mov sp, 0FFFEh sti ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; see if drive specified ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - mov si, 80h ; PSP command tail mov cl, [si] or cl, cl jz short T_9 ; jump if zero T_1: inc si mov al, [si] cmp al, ' ' ; is it SPACE ? jne short T_2 dec cl jnz short T_1 jmp short T_9 T_2: inc si cmp byte [si], ':' je short T_3 cmp byte [si], ' ' jna short T_3 cmp al, 'h' jne short T_9 cmp byte [si], 'd' jne short T_9 inc si mov al, [si] cmp al, '0' je short T_8 jb short T_9 cmp al, '3' jna short T_8 jmp short T_9 T_3: cmp al, 'C' jb short T_9 je short T_6 ;cmp al, 'Z' ; A - Z ;jna short T_6 cmp al, 'D' jna short T_6 cmp al, 'Z' jna short T_9 T_4: cmp al, 'c' ; a - z jb short T_9 je short T_5 ;cmp al, 'z' ;ja short T_9 cmp al, 'd' ja short T_9 T_5: sub al, 'a'-'A' ; to upper case ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; get drive code ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T_6: sub al, 'C'-'0' T_7: mov [TrDOS_Drive], al ; '0' .. '4' jmp short T_10 T_8: inc si cmp byte [si], ' ' jna short T_7 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; Write message ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T_9: mov si, TrDOS_Welcome call print_msg ;cmp cl, 0 ;ja short T_35 jmp T_35 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; get drive parameters ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T_10: mov ah, 08h ;mov dl, [TrDOS_Drive] ; drive mov dl, al add dl, 80h -'0' ; make it 80h based mov [drv], dl int 13h ; return disk parameters push cs pop es ; restore es or ah, ah jnz short T_12 ; error mov al, cl and al, 63 mov [sectors], al shr cl, 6 xchg ch, cl inc cx mov [cylinders], cx inc dh mov [heads], dh mul dh ; ax = heads * spt mov [csize], ax mul cx ; * cylinders ; dx:ax = chs limit mov [CHS_limit], ax mov [CHS_limit+2], dx ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; read MBR ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; check for (valid) primary dos partition ;mov byte [RetryCount], 4 mov di, 5 ;mov ax, 0201h ; read disk mov bx, MBR ; location of masterboot code mov cx, 1 ; cylinder = 0 ; sector = 1 mov dh, 0 ; head = 0 ;mov dl, [TrDOS_Drive] ; drive ;add dl, 80h -'0' ; make it 80h based mov dl, [drv] T_11: mov ax, 0201h int 13h ;jc short T_37 jnc short T_13 ; read masterboot sector, OK ; reset hard disk(s) xor ah, ah ;mov dl, [drv] int 13h ;dec byte [RetryCount] dec di jnz short T_11 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; write disk error message and terminate ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T_12: mov byte [zbyte], 0 ; message without (Y/N) question call T_37 ; write error message jmp T_35 ; terminate T_13: cmp word [MBR+510], 0AA55h jne short T_12 mov si, MBR+(partition_table+ptFileSystemID) T_14: call validate_primary_dos_partition jnc short T_15 add si, 16 cmp si, MBR+partition_table+ptFileSystemID+64 jb short T_14 mov si, TRDOS_fatp_notfound ;call print_msg ;jmp T_35 jmp M_3 M_2: ; Partition size defect ; (less than the minimum numbe rof sectors required) mov si, TrDOS_psize_defect ;call print_msg ;jmp T_35 jmp M_3 T_15: ; valid primary dos partition ; al = FAT type (1,2,3) ; ah = partition type mov byte [fattype], al mov [fsID], ah cmp al, 2 je short T_17 ; FAT16 BS (default offset addr) jb short T_16 ; set format code pointer to FAT32 format code mov word [trdos386fc], format_FAT32_fs ; set FS type string mov word [fattype_str],'32' ; 'FAT32' ; ok.. read boot sector jmp short T_17 T_16: ; set format code pointer to FAT12 format code mov word [trdos386fc], format_FAT12_fs mov byte [fattype_str+1],'2' ; 'FAT12' ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; read primary dos partition's boot sector ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T_17: ;mov byte [RetryCount], 5 add si, ptStartSector-ptFileSystemID mov ax, [si] mov dx, [si+2] mov [dosp_start], ax mov [dosp_start+2], dx add si, ptSectors-ptStartSector mov cx, [si] mov bx, [si+2] mov [dosp_size], cx mov [dosp_size+2], bx ; check minimum partition size cmp byte [fattype], 3 ; FAT32 FS jnb short M_1 ; yes M_0: or bx, bx jnz short T_19 cmp cx, [csize] ; sectors per cylinder jnb short T_19 jmp short M_2 M_1: cmp bx, 1 ; >= 32MB ? ja short T_19 jb short M_2 cmp cx, 0415h ; must be >= 66581 sectors jb short M_2 T_19: add cx, ax adc bx, dx jc T_12 cmp bx, [CHS_limit+2] mov bx, bootsector ja short T_20 ; LBA read/write jb short T_18 cmp cx, [CHS_limit] ja short T_20 T_18: ; CHS read ;mov ax, [dosp_start] ;mov dx, [dosp_start+2] call read_chs_sector jc T_12 jmp short T_22 T_20: mov byte [lba], 1 ; LBA r/w is required ;mov ax, [dosp_start] ;mov dx, [dosp_start+2] call read_lba_sector jc T_12 T_22: cmp word [bootsector+510], 0AA55h jne short T_23 cmp word [bootsector+bsBytesPerSec], 512 jne short T_23 mov byte [bootsector+bsMedia], 0F8h jne short T_23 cmp byte [fattype], 2 ja short T_24 cmp byte [bootsector+bsBpbSignature], 29h jne short T_23 cmp dword [bootsector+bsFileSysType], 'FAT1' jne short T_23 mov al, [bootsector+bsFileSysType+4] cmp al, '6' je short T_25 cmp al, '2' jne short T_23 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; format question (and warning msg) ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T_25: mov si, TrDOS_Format_warning ; warning is required jmp short T_26 T_24: cmp byte [bootsector+BS_BootSig], 29h jne short T_23 cmp dword [bootsector+BS_FilSysType], 'FAT3' jne short T_23 cmp byte [bootsector+BS_FilSysType+4], '2' je short T_25 T_23: mov si, TrDOS_Do_you_want ; no need to warning T_26: call print_msg call get_answer cmp al, 'Y' je short T_27 mov si, _no_str M_3: call print_msg jmp short T_35 T_27: mov si, _yes_str call print_msg mov si, TrDOS_PressKeyWhenReady call print_msg T_28: xor ax, ax int 16h ; wait for keyboard command cmp al, 'M'-40h ; Enter (OK) key je short T_29 ; write cmp al, 'C'-40h je short T_35 ; no write (exit) cmp al, 27 je short T_35 jmp short T_28 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; clear fat buffer and start formatting ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T_29: mov si, TrDOS_CRLF call print_msg ; Clear buffer in BSS mov di, HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER xor ax, ax mov cx, 256 rep stosw ; Clear volume name field mov di, StrVolumeName mov cl, 12 rep stosb mov dl, [fsID] ; Partition ID jmp word [trdos386fc] T_35: mov si, TrDOS_CRLF Exit: call print_msg mov ax, 4C00h ; terminate int 21h T_36: call get_answer cmp al, 'Y' je short T_29 jmp short T_35 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; disk r/w error or disk not ready ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T_37: mov si, TrDOS_disk_NotReadyOrError ;;call print_msg ;;jmp short T_36 ;jmp short print_msg ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; print message ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - print_msg: T_38: lodsb ; Load byte at DS:SI to AL and al, al jz short T_39 mov ah, 0Eh mov bx, 07h int 10h ; BIOS Service func ( ah ) = 0Eh ; Write char as TTY ; AL-char BH-page BL-color jmp short T_38 T_39: _NO_: retn ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; Yes/No ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - get_answer: xor ax, ax int 16h ; wait for keyboard command cmp al, 'y' je short _yes ; retry cmp al, 'Y' je short _YES_ cmp al, 'n' je short _NO_ ; exit cmp al, 'N' je short _NO_ cmp al, 'C'-40h je short _NO_ cmp al, 27 je short _NO_ jmp short get_answer _yes: mov al, 'Y' _YES_: retn ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; get and set partition type for formatting ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - validate_primary_dos_partition: ; INPUT: ; si = partition table entry offset + file system ID ; OUTPUT: ; cf = 0 -> ah = primary DOS partition ID ; (01h,04h,06h,0Bh,0Ch,0Eh) ; al = FAT type ; 1 = FAT12 ; 2 = FAT16 ; 3 = FAT32 ; ; cf = 1 -> not a primary DOS partition sub al, al ; mov al, 0 mov ah, [si] cmp ah, 01h ; FAT12 partition jb short V_5 ; 0 je short V_3 V_0: inc al ; mov al, 1 cmp ah, 06h ; FAT16 CHS partition (>=32MB) ja short V_2 je short V_3 cmp ah, 04h ; FAT16 CHS partition (< 32MB) je short V_3 V_1: stc retn V_2: inc al ; mov al, 2 cmp ah, 0Ch ; FAT32 LBA partition je short V_3 ja short V_4 cmp ah, 0Bh ; FAT32 CHS partition jb short V_5 V_3: inc al ; 0->1, 1->2, 2->3 retn V_4: cmp ah, 0Eh ; FAT16 LBA partition jne short V_1 ;mov al, 2 V_5: retn ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; disk read ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - read_hd_sector: cmp byte [lba], 0 ja short read_lba_sector read_chs_sector: ; Derived from 'proc_write_chs_sector' in HDFORMAT.ASM (30/07/2011) ; (TRDOS v1, Singlix FS formatting utility) mov byte [rw], 2 ; read jmp short chs_rw write_chs_sector: ; Derived from 'proc_write_chs_sector' in HDFORMAT.ASM (30/07/2011) ; (TRDOS v1, Singlix FS formatting utility) mov byte [rw], 3 ; write ;jmp short chs_rw chs_rw: push si push cx chs_rw_0: mov di, 5 chs_rw_1: push dx ; Linear sector # push ax ; DX_AX = Linear address (sectors) mov cx, [sectors] push bx call div32 ; 32 bit divide mov cx, bx ; Sector (zero based) inc cx ; To make it 1 based push cx mov cx, [heads] call div32 ; Convert track to head & cyl mov dh, bl ; BX = Head (max. FFh) pop cx ; AX=Cyl, DH=Head, CX=Sector pop bx ; ES:BX = Buffer mov dl, [drv] mov ch, al ror ah, 1 ; Rotate right ror ah, 1 or cl, ah chs_rw_2: mov ah, [rw] ; 02h = read, 03h = write mov al, 01h int 13h ; BIOS Service func (ah) = 2/3 ; Read/Write disk sectors ; AL-sec num CH-track CL-sec ; DH-head DL-drive ES:BX-buffer ; CF-flag AH-status AL-sectors written/read ; If CF = 1 then AH = Error code (>0) ;mov [error], ah jnc short chs_rw_3 dec di jz short chs_rw_3 xor ah, ah ;mov dl, [drv] int 13h ; BIOS Service func (ah) = 0 ; Reset disk system jmp short chs_rw_2 chs_rw_3: pop ax pop dx pop cx pop si retn ; db 0C3h read_lba_sector: ; trhdboot.s (2020), hdformat.asm (2011) mov byte [rw], 42h jmp short lba_rw ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; disk write ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - write_hd_sector: cmp byte [lba], 0 jna short write_chs_sector write_lba_sector: ; trhdboot.s (2020), hdformat.asm (2011) mov byte [rw], 43h ;jmp short lba_rw lba_rw: mov di, 5 lba_rw_1: ;pusha ; db 60h db 60h ;push 0 ; db 6Ah, 00h db 6Ah, 0 ;push 0 ; db 6Ah, 00h db 6Ah, 0 push dx push ax push es push bx ;push 1 ; db 6Ah, 01h db 6Ah, 01h ;push 10h ; db 6Ah, 10h db 6Ah, 10h mov si, sp mov dl, [drv] xor al, al ; verify off lba_rw_2: mov ah, [rw] ; 42h = LBA read, 43h = LBA write ;xor al, al ; verify off int 13h ;mov [error], ah jnc short lba_rw_3 dec di jz short lba_rw_3 xor ah, ah ;mov dl, [drv] int 13h ; BIOS Service func (ah) = 0 ; Reset disk system ;mov word [si+2], 1 ; set r/w count to 1 again mov byte [si+2], 1 jmp short lba_rw_2 lba_rw_3: ;popa db 61h ;popa db 61h retn ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; FAT32 FORMATTING ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; ((TRDOS 386 criter)) ; Minimum size of FAT32 FS = 65525 + 512 + 512 + 32 ; >= 66581 sectors (or >= 65525 data clusters) format_FAT32_fs: ;mov ax, 000Ch ; db 0Ch, 00h ; 'or al, 0' ;cmp dl, al ; 0Ch ;je short FAT32_lba_format ;mov ax, 0C00Bh ; db 0Bh, 0C0h ; 'or ax, ax' ;FAT32_lba_format: ; Put TRDOS 386 FAT32 partition magic word ; at offset 5Ah, in TRDOS386 FAT32 boot sector 0. mov bp, TRDOS_FAT32_hd_bs lea di, [bp+3] mov si, bs_oem_name mov cx, 4 rep movsw ;mov [bp+5Ah], ax ; [loc_5A] mov word [bp+5Ah], 0C00Bh mov ax, [sectors] mov [bp+18h], ax ; [BPB_SecPerTrk] mov ax, [heads] mov [bp+1Ah], ax ; [BPB_NumHeads] mov ax, [dosp_start] mov [bp+1Ch], ax ; [BPB_HiddSec] mov ax, [dosp_start+2] mov [bp+1Eh], ax ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] mov ax, [dosp_size] mov [bp+20h], ax ; [BPB_TotSec32] mov dx, [dosp_size+2] mov [bp+22h], dx ; [BPB_TotSec32+2] ; Sectors per cluster calculation ; (According to MS FAT32 FS specification.) mov cl, 8 ; 8 sectors per cluster cmp dx, 8 ; >= 532480 sectors ja short FAT32_f_2 ; 8 sectors per cluster jb short FAT32_f_1 ; 1 sector per cluster cmp ax, 2000h ; dx_ax = (8*65536)+8192 jnb short FAT32_f_2 FAT32_f_1: mov cl, 1 ; 1 sector per cluster FAT32_f_2: mov [bp+0Dh], cl ; [BPB_SecPerClus] ;mov byte [bp+10h], 2 ; [BPB_NumFATs] ;mov word [bp+0Eh], 32 ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ; Calculating FAT size in sectors ; (According to MS FAT32 FS Specification, 2000) ; DX_AX = partition (volume) size in sectors sub ax, [bp+0Eh] ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ; 32 sbb dx, 0 ; TmpVal1 = DiskSize - (BPB_ResvdSecCnt + ; RootDirsectors) ; RootDirSectors = 0 (for FAT32 FS) mov bx, cx ; ch = 0 shl bx, 8 ; * 256 mov cl, [bp+10h] ; [BPB_NumFATs] add bx, cx ; TmpVal2 = (256*BPB_SecPerClus)+BPB_NumFATs shr bx, 1 ; TmpVal2 = TmpVal2/2 mov cx, bx dec bx ; TmpVal2-1 add ax, bx adc dx, 0 call div32 ; FATSz = (TmpVal1+(TmpVal2-1))/TmpVal2 ; DX_AX = FAT size in sectors mov [bp+24h], ax ; [BPB_FATSz32] mov [bp+26h], dx ; [BPB_FATSz32+2] ; * 2 mov bx, dx add ax, ax adc bx, dx ; BX_AX = [BPB_NumFATs] * [BPB_FATSz32] mov cx, [bp+0Eh] ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ; 32 add cx, ax adc bx, 0 ; BX_CX = [BPB_RsvdSecCnt]+[BPB_NumFATs]*[BPB_FATSz32] mov ax, [bp+20h] ; [BPB_TotSec32] mov dx, [bp+22h] ; [BPB_TotSec32+2] sub ax, cx sbb dx, bx mov [data_start], cx mov [data_start+2], bx ; DX_AX = Data sectors mov [data_sectors], ax mov [data_sectors+2], dx mov cl, [bp+0Dh] ; [BPB_SecPerClus] xor ch, ch call div32 ; DX_AX/CX ; DX_AX = Count of clusters (rounded down) mov [cluster_count], ax mov [cluster_count+2], dx lea di, [bp+71] ; [BS_VolLab] call write_volume_name lea si, [bp+67] ; [BS_VolID] call write_volume_serial call write_cluster_count call write_formatting_msg mov al, 0 call write_format_percent_x mov ax, [bp+1Ch] ; [BPB_HiddSec] mov dx, [bp+1Eh] ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] add [data_start], ax adc [data_start+2], dx FAT32_f_3: ; DX_AX = FAT32 Boot Sector address mov bx, TRDOS_FAT32_hd_bs ; ES:BX = Boot Sector 1 Buffer call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 mov bx, HDFORMAT_FSINFO_BUFF ; ES:BX = FS INFO Sector Buffer (= BS+1) call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 mov bx, TRDOS_FAT32_hd_bs + 512 ; ES:BX = Boot Sector 2 Buffer call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent mov cx, 3 FAT32_f_4: push cx add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 mov bx, HDFORMAT_EMPTY_BUFF call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent pop cx dec cl jnz short FAT32_f_4 add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 mov cx, [bp+1Ch] ; [BPB_HiddSec] mov bx, [bp+1Eh] ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] add cx, 12 adc bx, 0 ; write BACKUP sectors ; (6,7,8 boot+fsi and 9,10,11 empty sectors) cmp dx, bx jb short FAT32_f_3 cmp ax, cx jb short FAT32_f_3 ; write remain part of reserved sectors mov cx, [bp+0Eh] ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] sub cx, 12 jna short FAT32_f_6 FAT32_f_5: push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_EMPTY_BUFF call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 pop cx dec cx jnz short FAT32_f_5 FAT32_f_6: ; write FAT sectors mov cx, [data_start] ; lba/abs addr mov bx, [data_start+2] ; lba/abs addr push bx push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER ; ES:BX = FAT Sector Buffer mov cl, [bp+15h] ; [BPB_Media] mov ch, 0FFh mov [bx], cx mov cl, ch ; cx = 0FFFFh mov [bx+2], cx mov [bx+4], cx mov [bx+6], cx ; Root dir cluster number = 2 ; 0FFFFFFFh = end of cluster chain mov [bx+8], cx ; 0FFFFh and ch, 0Fh mov [bx+10], cx ; 0FFFh ;inc cx call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent ;mov bx, HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER mov cx, 0 mov [bx], cx mov [bx+2], cx mov [bx+4], cx mov [bx+6], cx mov [bx+8], cx mov [bx+10], cx jmp short FAT32_f_8 FAT32_f_7: push bx push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent FAT32_f_8: pop cx pop bx add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 cmp dx, bx jb short FAT32_f_7 cmp ax, cx jb short FAT32_f_7 ; write root directory (1st cluster) ; as empty sectors mov cl, [bp+0Dh] ; [BPB_SecPerClus] xor ch, ch sub [data_sectors], cx sbb word [data_sectors+2], 0 FAT32_f_9: push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_EMPTY_BUFF call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 pop cx dec cl jnz short FAT32_f_9 ; write DATA sectors ; (after root directory 1st cluster) mov cx, [data_sectors] mov bx, [data_sectors+2] ; NOTE: Partition size must be >= 512 MB ; for FAT32 FS ((BX >= 15)) FAT32_f_10: push bx push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_SECBUFFER call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent pop cx pop bx add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 dec cx jnz short FAT32_f_10 dec bx jnz short FAT32_f_10 ; If there are, format remain sectors which are ; at beyond of data clusters, with zero bytes. mov cx, [bp+1Ch] ; [BPB_HiddSec] mov bx, [bp+1Eh] ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] FAT16_f_18: add cx, [bp+20h] ; [BPB_TotSec32] adc bx, [bp+22h] ; [BPB_TotSec32+2] FAT16_f_19: FAT12_f_8: ; are there remain sectors (in partition) ? sub cx, ax sbb bx, dx ; 11/02/2019 ; BX must be 0 (Because, 1 cluster <= 32KB. So, ; remain sectors must not be more than 32K) jnz short FAT32_f_12 ; There is a wrong thing !!! ; If BX is not zero, ; it is better to skip this stage...) or cx, cx jz short FAT32_f_12 ; no.. ; (good! FAT contains all data sectors) FAT32_f_11: push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_EMPTY_BUFF call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent pop cx add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 dec cx jnz short FAT32_f_11 FAT32_f_12: ; End of FAT format routine... end_of_formatting: mov al, 100 call write_format_percent_x ;mov si, CRLF ;call print_msg mov si, _msg_OK ;call print_msg jmp Exit ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; set & write volume name ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - write_fs_volume_name: mov byte [vname_length], 64 jmp short svn_fs write_volume_name: mov byte [vname_length], 11 svn_fs: ; DI = (BS) Volume Label address mov si, Msg_Volume_Name call print_msg ; get cursor position ; bh = 0 ; video page mov ah, 3 ; get cursor pos int 10h mov [Cursor_Pos], dx call rw_char jc short svn_1 svn_0: lodsb cmp al, 20h ja short svn_2 je short svn_0 svn_1: mov si, no_name lodsb svn_2: ;mov di, [bp+47h) ; [BS_VolLab] ; FAT32 ;mov di, [bp+2Bh) ; [BS_VolLab] ; FAT16 (&FAT12) mov bx, di ; * xor ch, ch mov cl, [vname_length] ; 11 jmp short svn_4 svn_3: lodsb cmp al, 20h jb short svn_6 svn_4: stosb loop svn_3 svn_5: mov cl, [vname_length] ; 11 mov si, bx ; * mov di, StrVolumeName rep movsb ;mov byte [di], 0 mov dx, [Cursor_Pos] mov bx, 7 mov ah, 2 int 10h ; Set Cursor Position mov si, StrVolumeName call print_msg mov si, CRLF call print_msg retn svn_6: mov al, 20h svn_7: stosb loop svn_7 jmp short svn_5 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; set & write volume serial number (volume ID) ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - write_volume_serial: ; SI = (BS) Volume Serial Number (binary) address ;xor ax, ax ;int 1Ah ; get time of day ;mov [si], dx ;mov [si+2], cx ; set unique volume ID ;mov ah, 02h ; Return Current Time ;int 1Ah ;xchg ch, cl ;xchg dh, dl ;add cx, dx ;add [si+2], cx ;mov ah, 04h ; Return Current Date ;int 1Ah ;xchg ch,cl ;xchg dh,dl ;add cx, dx ;add [si+2], cx ; According to Microsoft DOS 6.0 serial number ; production method... ; < Create unique 32 bit serial number > ; Create_Serial_ID (MSDOS 6.0 Source code, MSFOR.ASM) ; (20/04/1987) ; ; Get date (INT 21h, AH=2Bh) ; Get time (INT 21h, AH=2Ch) ; Serial_ID+0 = DX reg date + DX reg time ; Serial_ID+2 = CX reg date + CX reg time ; Serial_Num_Low = Serial_ID+2 ; Serial_Num_High = Serial_ID+0 mov ah, 04h ; Return Current Date int 1Ah ; DL = Day (BCD) (20h) ; DH = Month (BCD) (12h) ; CH = Century (BCD) (20h) ; CL = Year (BCD) (17h) mov al, dl call bcd_to_bin mov dl, al mov al, dh call bcd_to_bin mov dh, al mov al, cl call bcd_to_bin mov cl, al mov al, ch call bcd_to_bin mov ch, al ; DH = Month (1-10) ; DL = Day (1-31) ; CX = Year (1900-2099) push dx push cx mov ah, 02h ; Return Current Time int 1Ah ; DH = Seconds (BCD) (59h) ; CL = Minutes (BCD) (59h) ; CH = Hours (BCD) (23h) ; DL = Daylight savings time option (1=yes) mov al, dh call bcd_to_bin mov dh, al mov al, cl call bcd_to_bin mov cl, al mov al, ch call bcd_to_bin mov ch, al ; CH = Hour (0-23) ; CL = Minutes (0-59) ; DH = Seconds (0-59) ; ((DL = Hundredths (0-99) - MSDOS!)) ; DL = 0 or 1 (here!) mov ax, cx pop cx add ax, cx mov [si+2], ax mov ax, dx pop dx add ax, dx mov [si], ax xor ah, ah ; Read time counter int 1Ah ; CX = High word of clock count ; DX = Low word of clock count ; AL = 0 if 24 hours has not passed, else 1 ; NOTES: ; (Ref: vitaly_filatov.tripod.com/ng/asm/asm_029.1.html) ; ; Following formulas convert the clock count to ; the time of day: ; Hour = Clock / 65543 (1007h) ; Remainder = Clock MOD 65543 ; ; Minutes = Remainder / 1092 (444h) ; Remainder = Remainder MOD 1092 ; ; Second = Remainder / 18.21 ; Remainder = Remainder MOD 18.21 ; ; Hundredths = CINT(Remainder * 100) add [si], dl ; SI = Volume serial number address (4 bytes) mov al, [si] call bin_to_hex mov [Vol_Serial2+2], ax mov al, [si+1] call bin_to_hex mov [Vol_Serial2], ax mov al, [si+2] call bin_to_hex mov [Vol_Serial1+2], ax mov al, [si+3] call bin_to_hex mov [Vol_Serial1], ax mov si, Msg_Volume_Serial call print_msg retn bcd_to_bin: push bx db 0D4h,10h ; Undocumented inst. AAM ; AH = AL / 10h ; AL = AL MOD 10h mov bl, al mov al, 10 mul ah add al, bl pop bx retn ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; write formatting percentage ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - write_formatting_msg: mov ax, [dosp_size] mov dx, [dosp_size+2] ; DX_AX = Total sectors for percentage mov cx, 100 call div32 mov [format_percent], ax mov si, msg_formatting call print_msg ; get cursor position ; bh = 0 ; video page mov ah, 3 ; get cursor pos int 10h mov [Cursor_Pos], dx mov byte [prev_percent], 255 retn write_format_percent: ; DX_AX = Current sector (which has been written) push ax push dx push bx push cx push si sub ax, [bp+1Ch] ; [BPB_HiddSec] sbb dx, [bp+1Eh] ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] wpc_t: mov cx, [format_percent] call div32 ; AL = percentage value between 1 to 100 wpc_x: cmp al, [prev_percent] je short wpc_y mov [prev_percent], al mov dx, [Cursor_Pos] mov bx, 7 mov ah, 2 int 10h ; Set Cursor Position xor dx, dx xor ah, ah ;mov al, [prev_percent] mov si, format_percent_str + 2 call bin_to_decimal call print_msg wpc_y: pop si pop cx pop bx pop dx pop ax retn write_format_percent_x: ; AL = % number push ax push dx push bx push cx push si jmp short wpc_x ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; format error ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - formatting_error: mov sp, [old_sp] mov al, ah ; error code call bin_to_hex mov [error_code], ax mov si, CRLF call print_msg mov si, Msg_Error ;call print_msg jmp Exit ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; write cluster count ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - write_cluster_count: mov si, msg_cluster_count call print_msg mov ax, [cluster_count] mov dx, [cluster_count+2] mov si, cluster_count_str+6 call bin_to_decimal call print_msg retn ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; FAT16 FORMATTING ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; ((TRDOS 386 criter)) ; Minimum size of FAT16 FS = [heads]*[sectors] ; (1 cylinder) or 4096 sectors (for TRDOS 386) format_FAT16_fs: mov ax, 0706h ; db 06h, 07h ; 'push es, pop es' cmp dl, al ; 06h ; Big CHS partition (>= 32MB) je short FAT16_big_chs_format ;mov ax, 070Eh ; db 0Eh, 07h ; 'push cs, pop es' ;cmp dl, al ; 0Eh ; LBA partition ;je short FAT16_lba_format FAT16_chs_format: ; Partition Type: 04h, CHS (<32 MB) partition mov ax, 0004h ; db 04h, 00h ; 'add al, 0' FAT16_big_chs_format: ;FAT16_lba_format: ; Put TRDOS 386 FAT16 partition magic word ; at offset 3Eh, in TRDOS386 FAT16 boot sector. mov bp, TRDOS_FAT16_hd_bs lea di, [bp+3] mov si, bs_oem_name mov cx, 4 rep movsw mov [bp+3Eh], ax ; [loc_3E] mov ax, [sectors] mov [bp+18h], ax ; [BPB_SecPerTrk] mov ax, [heads] mov [bp+1Ah], ax ; [BPB_NumHeads] mov ax, [dosp_start] mov [bp+1Ch], ax ; [BPB_HiddSec] mov ax, [dosp_start+2] mov [bp+1Eh], ax ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] mov ax, [dosp_size] mov dx, [dosp_size+2] and dx, dx jnz short FAT16_f_0 mov [bp+13h], ax ; [BPB_TotSec16] ; CX = 0 ;mov [bp+20h], cx ; [BPB_TotSec32] = 0 ;mov [bp+22h], cx ; [BPB_TotSec32+2] = 0 jmp short FAT16_f_1 FAT16_f_0: mov [bp+20h], ax ; [BPB_TotSec32] mov [bp+22h], dx ; [BPB_TotSec32+2] ; CX = 0 ;mov [bp+13h], cx ; [BPB_TotSec16] = 0 FAT16_f_1: ; Sectors per cluster calculation ; (According to MS FAT32 FS specification.) mov cl, 2 ; 2 sectors per cluster or dx, dx jnz short FAT16_f_2 ; >2 sectors (>16MB) cmp ax, 32680 jna short FAT16_f_10 ; 2 sectors, <=16MB ; > 16MB jmp short FAT16_f_9 ; 4 sectors per cluster FAT16_f_2: cmp dx, 4 ; >= 262144 sectors ; >=128MB ja short FAT16_f_3 ; >4 sectors per cluster jb short FAT16_f_9 ; 4 sectors per cluster or ax, ax ; dx_ax = (4*65536)+0 jz short FAT16_f_9 ; 4 sectors per cluster jmp short FAT16_f_8 ; 8 sectors per cluster FAT16_f_3: cmp dx, 8 ; >= 524288 sectors ; >=256MB ja short FAT16_f_4 ; >8 sectors per cluster jb short FAT16_f_8 ; 8 sectors per cluster and ax, ax ; dx_ax = (8*65536)+0 jz short FAT16_f_8 ; 8 sectors per cluster jmp short FAT16_f_7 ; 16 sectors per cluster FAT16_f_4: cmp dx, 16 ; >= 1048576 sectors ; >=512MB ja short FAT16_f_5 ; >16 sectors per cluster jb short FAT16_f_7 ; 16 sectors per cluster and ax, ax ; dx_ax = (16*65536)+0 jz short FAT16_f_7 ; 16 sectors per cluster jmp short FAT16_f_6 ; 32 sectors per cluster FAT16_f_5: cmp dx, 32 ; >= 2097152 sectors ; >=1GB jb short FAT16_f_6 ; 32 sectors per cluster or ax, ax ; dx_ax = (32*65536)+0 jz short FAT16_f_6 ; 32 sectors per cluster ; >1GB (<=2GB) ; 64 sectors per cluster shl cl, 1 FAT16_f_6: ; 32 sectors per cluster (for <= 2GB volumes) shl cl, 1 FAT16_f_7: ; 16 sectors per cluster (for <= 1GB volumes) shl cl, 1 FAT16_f_8: ; 8 sectors per cluster (for <= 512MB volumes) shl cl, 1 FAT16_f_9: ; 4 sectors per cluster (for <= 256MB volumes) shl cl, 1 FAT16_f_10: ; 2 sectors per cluster (for <= 128MB volumes) mov [bp+0Dh], cl ; [BPB_SecPerClus] ;mov byte [bp+10h], 2 ; [BPB_NumFATs] ;mov word [bp+0Eh], 1 ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ;mov word [bp+11h], 512 ; [BPB_RootEntCnt] ; Calculating FAT size in sectors ; (According to MS FAT32 FS Specification, 2000) ; DX_AX = partition (volume) size in sectors mov bx, [bp+11h] ; [BPB_RootEntCnt] = 512 add bx, 15 ; bx = 527 shr bx, 4 ; /16 = 527/16 = 32 ; ((32*BX)+511)/512 mov [root_dir_secs], bx add bx, [bp+0Eh] ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ; 1 sub ax, bx sbb dx, 0 ; TmpVal1 = DiskSize - (BPB_ResvdSecCnt + ; RootDirsectors) ;mov bx, cx ; ch = 0 ;shl bx, 8 ; * 256 mov bh, cl xor bl, bl mov cl, 2 ; [BPB_NumFATs] add bx, cx ; TmpVal2 = (256*BPB_SecPerClus)+BPB_NumFATs mov cx, bx dec bx ; TmpVal2-1 add ax, bx adc dx, 0 call div32 ; FATSz = (TmpVal1+(TmpVal2-1))/TmpVal2 ; AX = FAT size in sectors ; DX = 0 mov [bp+16h], ax ; [BPB_FATSz16] ; * 2 shl ax, 1 ; AX = [BPB_NumFATs] * [BPB_FATSz16] mov cx, [bp+0Eh] ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ; 1 add cx, ax ; CX = [BPB_RsvdSecCnt]+([BPB_NumFATs]*[BPB_FATSz16]) add cx, [root_dir_secs] ; + RootDirsectors sub bx, bx ; BX = 0 ; BX_CX = [BPB_RsvdSecCnt]+([BPB_NumFATs]*[BPB_FATSz16]) ; + RootDirSectors mov ax, [bp+13h] ; [BPB_TotSec16] ;sub dx, dx ; DX = 0 and ax, ax jnz short FAT16_f_11 mov ax, [bp+20h] ; [BPB_TotSec32] mov dx, [bp+22h] ; [BPB_TotSec32+2] FAT16_f_11: sub ax, cx sbb dx, bx mov [data_start], cx mov [data_start+2], bx ; DX_AX = Data sectors mov [data_sectors], ax mov [data_sectors+2], dx mov cl, [bp+0Dh] ; [BPB_SecPerClus] xor ch, ch call div32 ; DX_AX/CX ; AX = Count of clusters (rounded down) ; DX = 0 mov [cluster_count], ax mov [cluster_count+2], dx lea di, [bp+43] ; [BS_VolLab] call write_volume_name lea si, [bp+39] ; [BS_VolID] call write_volume_serial call write_cluster_count call write_formatting_msg mov al, 0 call write_format_percent_x mov ax, [bp+1Ch] ; [BPB_HiddSec] mov dx, [bp+1Eh] ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] add [data_start], ax adc [data_start+2], dx ; DX_AX = FAT16 Boot Sector address mov bx, TRDOS_FAT16_hd_bs ; ES:BX = Boot Sector Buffer call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 ; write remain part of reserved sectors mov cx, [bp+0Eh] ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ;sub cx, 1 ;jna short FAT16_f_13 dec cx jz short FAT16_f_13 FAT16_f_12: push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_EMPTY_BUFF call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 pop cx dec cx ; dec cl jnz short FAT16_f_12 FAT16_f_13: ; write FAT sectors mov cx, [data_start] ; lba/abs addr mov bx, [data_start+2] ; lba/abs addr sub cx, [root_dir_secs] sbb bx, 0 push bx push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER ; ES:BX = FAT Sector Buffer mov cl, [bp+15h] ; [BPB_Media] mov ch, 0FFh mov [bx], cx ; 0FFF8h mov cl, ch ; cx = 0FFFFh mov [bx+2], cx ;inc cx call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent ;mov bx, HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER mov cx, 0 mov [bx], cx mov [bx+2], cx jmp short FAT16_f_15 FAT16_f_14: push bx push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent FAT16_f_15: pop cx pop bx add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 cmp dx, bx jb short FAT16_f_14 cmp ax, cx jb short FAT16_f_14 ; write root directory sectors ; as empty sectors mov cx, [root_dir_secs] FAT16_f_16: push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_EMPTY_BUFF call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 pop cx dec cx jnz short FAT16_f_16 ; write DATA sectors ; (after root directory sectors) mov cx, [data_sectors] mov bx, [data_sectors+2] inc bx ; 0 -> 1, 1-> 2 FAT16_f_17: push bx push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_SECBUFFER call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent pop cx pop bx add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 dec cx jnz short FAT16_f_17 dec bx jnz short FAT16_f_17 ; If there are, format remain sectors which are ; at beyond of data clusters, with zero bytes. mov cx, [bp+1Ch] ; [BPB_HiddSec] mov bx, [bp+1Eh] ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] cmp word [bp+13h], 0 ; [BPB_TotSec16] jz FAT16_f_18 add cx, [bp+13h] ; [BPB_TotSec16] adc bx, 0 jmp FAT16_f_19 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; FAT12 FORMATTING ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; ((TRDOS 386 criter)) ; Minimum size of FAT12 FS = [heads]*[sectors] ; (1 cylinder) format_FAT12_fs: mov bp, TRDOS_FAT12_hd_bs lea di, [bp+3] mov si, bs_oem_name mov cx, 4 rep movsw mov ax, [sectors] mov [bp+18h], ax ; [BPB_SecPerTrk] mov ax, [heads] mov [bp+1Ah], ax ; [BPB_NumHeads] mov ax, [dosp_start] mov [bp+1Ch], ax ; [BPB_HiddSec] mov ax, [dosp_start+2] mov [bp+1Eh], ax ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] mov ax, [dosp_size] mov [bp+13h], ax ; [BPB_TotSec16] xor si, si ; reset (FAT size fix) flag mov cx, [bp+0Eh] ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ; 1 mov dx, [bp+11h] ; [BPB_RootEntCnt] = 512 add dx, 15 ; (16-1) (512-1) shr dx, 4 ; /16 (*32/512) ; AX = Root dir sectors ; CX = [BPB_RsvdSecCnt]+([BPB_NumFATs]*[BPB_FATSz16]) add cx, dx ; + RootDirsectors ; + 32 mov [root_dir_secs], cx ; = 33 ;sub ax, 33 ; 1 reserved sector, 32 root dir sectors ; .. now AX has number of data sectors ; + 2* (FAT sectors) sub ax, cx ; 28/10/2023 ; (BugFix) push ax FAT12_f_10: ; Sectors per cluster calculation ; (According to MS FAT32 FS specification.) ;mov cx, 1 ; 1 sector per cluster mov cl, 1 ; CH = 0 FAT12_f_0: cmp ax, 4085 ; Max. cluster count for FAT12 jb short FAT12_f_1 shl cl, 1 ; *2 shr ax, 1 ; /2 jmp short FAT12_f_0 FAT12_f_1: ; 28/10/2023 pop ax mov [bp+0Dh], cl ; [BPB_SecPerClus] ;mov byte [bp+10h], 2 ; [BPB_NumFATs] ;mov word [bp+0Eh], 1 ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ;mov word [bp+11h], 512 ; [BPB_RootEntCnt] ; Calculating FAT size in sectors ; AX = partition (volume, data) size in sectors ; CX = sectors per clusters xor dx, dx div cx ; AX = cluster count (only for FAT size calc) ; DX = 0 add ax, 2 ; cluster 2 to ... mov dx, ax shl dx, 1 add ax, dx ; *3 shr ax, 1 ; /2 adc ax, 0 ; +0.5 -> +1 ; AX = FAT bytes for 12 bit cluster numbers mov cx, 512 ; [BPB_BytesPerSec] add ax, cx dec ax ; [BPB_BytesPerSec] - 1 sub dx, dx div cx mov [bp+16h], ax ; [BPB_FATSz16] ; * 2 shl ax, 1 ; AX = [BPB_NumFATs] * [BPB_FATSz16] ;mov cx, [bp+0Eh] ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ; 1 ;add cx, ax ;mov ax, [bp+11h] ; [BPB_RootEntCnt] = 512 ;add ax, 15 ; (16-1) (512-1) ;shr ax, 4 ; /16 (*32/512) ;; AX = Root dir sectors ;; CX = [BPB_RsvdSecCnt]+([BPB_NumFATs]*[BPB_FATSz16]) ;add cx, ax ; + RootDirsectors ;mov [root_dir_secs], ax ;mov cx, 33 mov cx, [root_dir_secs] add cx, [bp+0Eh] ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ; 1 ; cx = root directory sectors + reserved sectors add cx, ax ; CX = [BPB_RsvdSecCnt]+([BPB_NumFATs]*[BPB_FATSz16]) ; + RootDirSectors mov ax, [bp+13h] ; [BPB_TotSec16] sub ax, cx ; AX = data sectors ; cH = 0 ; fix FAT size (better method) or si, si jnz short FAT12_f_9 mov si, ax ; ax = data sectors jmp short FAT12_f_10 FAT12_f_9: xor dx, dx mov [data_start], cx mov [data_start+2], dx ; 0 ; DX_AX = Data sectors mov [data_sectors], ax mov [data_sectors+2], dx ; 0 mov cl, [bp+0Dh] ; [BPB_SecPerClus] sub ch, ch div cx ; AX = Count of clusters (rounded down) sub dx, dx ; 0 mov [cluster_count], ax mov [cluster_count+2], dx ; 0 lea di, [bp+43] ; [BS_VolLab] call write_volume_name lea si, [bp+39] ; [BS_VolID] call write_volume_serial call write_cluster_count call write_formatting_msg mov al, 0 call write_format_percent_x mov ax, [bp+1Ch] ; [BPB_HiddSec] mov dx, [bp+1Eh] ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] add [data_start], ax adc [data_start+2], dx ; DX_AX = FAT12 Boot Sector address mov bx, TRDOS_FAT12_hd_bs ; ES:BX = Boot Sector Buffer call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 ; write remain part of reserved sectors mov cx, [bp+0Eh] ; [BPB_RsvdSecCnt] ;sub cx, 1 ;jna short FAT12_f_3 dec cx jz short FAT12_f_3 FAT12_f_2: push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_EMPTY_BUFF call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 pop cx dec cx ; dec cl jnz short FAT12_f_2 FAT12_f_3: ; write FAT sectors mov cx, [data_start] ; lba/abs addr mov bx, [data_start+2] ; lba/abs addr sub cx, [root_dir_secs] sbb bx, 0 push bx push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER ; ES:BX = FAT Sector Buffer mov cl, [bp+15h] ; [BPB_Media] mov ch, 0FFh mov [bx], cx ; 0FFF8h mov [bx+2], ch ; 0FFFFF8h ;xor cx, cx call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent ;mov bx, HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER mov cx, 0 mov [bx], cx mov [bx+2], cl jmp short FAT12_f_5 FAT12_f_4: push bx push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent FAT12_f_5: pop cx pop bx add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 cmp dx, bx jb short FAT12_f_4 cmp ax, cx jb short FAT12_f_4 ; write root directory sectors ; as empty sectors mov cx, [root_dir_secs] FAT12_f_6: push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_EMPTY_BUFF call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 pop cx dec cx ; dec cl jnz short FAT12_f_6 ; write DATA sectors ; (after root directory sectors) mov cx, [data_sectors] ;mov bx, [data_sectors+2] ;inc bx FAT12_f_7: ;push bx push cx mov bx, HDFORMAT_SECBUFFER call write_hd_sector jc formatting_error call write_format_percent pop cx ;pop bx add ax, 1 adc dx, 0 dec cx jnz short FAT12_f_7 ;dec bx ;jnz short FAT12_f_7 ; If there are, format remain sectors which are ; at beyond of data clusters, with zero bytes. mov cx, [bp+1Ch] ; [BPB_HiddSec] mov bx, [bp+1Eh] ; [BPB_HiddSec+2] add cx, [bp+13h] ; [BPB_TotSec16] adc bx, 0 jmp FAT12_f_8 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; Read & Write characters ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - rw_char: ; OUTPUT -> DS:SI = Entered String (ASCIIZ) mov si, StrVolumeName mov bx, 7 mov ah, 3 int 10h mov [Cursor_Pos], dx read_next_char: xor ah, ah int 16h and al, al jz short loc_arrow cmp al, 0E0h je short loc_arrow cmp al, 8 jne short char_return loc_back: mov ah, 3 int 10h cmp dl, byte [Cursor_Pos] jna short loc_beep prev_column: dec dl set_cursor_pos: mov ah, 2 int 10h mov bl, dl sub bl, byte [Cursor_Pos] mov cx, 1 mov ah, 9 mov al, 20h mov [si+bx], al loc_write_it: mov bl, 7 int 10h mov dx, [Cursor_Pos] jmp short read_next_char loc_beep: mov ah, 0Eh mov al, 7 int 10h jmp short read_next_char loc_arrow: cmp ah, 4Bh je short loc_back cmp ah, 53h je short loc_back jmp short read_next_char char_return: mov ah, 3 int 10h check_char_type: cmp al, 20h jb short loc_escape mov ah, dl sub ah, byte [Cursor_Pos] ;cmp ah, 10 ;ja short loc_beep cmp ah, [vname_length] jnb short loc_beep cmp al, 'z' ja short read_next_char cmp al, 'a' jb short pass_capitalize and al, 0DFh pass_capitalize: mov bl, ah xor ah, ah mov [si+bx], ax mov bl, 7 mov ah, 0Eh int 10h jmp short read_next_char pass_escape: cmp al, 0Dh ; 13 ; ENTER jne short read_next_char ;mov ah, 0Eh ;int 10h ;mov al, 0Ah ;int 10h retn loc_escape: cmp al, 1Bh ; 27 ; ESC jne short pass_escape stc retn ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; 32 bit division ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - div32: ; DX_AX/CX ; Result: DX_AX, BX (remainder) mov bx, ax ;or dx, ax ; * DX_AX = 0 ? ;jz short div32_retn ; yes, do not divide! mov ax, dx xor dx, dx div cx ; at first, divide DX ; remainder is in DX xchg ax, bx ; now quotient is in BX ; and initial AX value is in AX div cx ; now, DX_AX has been divided and ; AX has quotient ; DX has remainder xchg dx, bx ; finally, BX has remainder ;div32_retn: retn ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; Convert byte to decimal number ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - bin_to_decimal: ; INPUT: DS:SI = Target location ; DX_AX = Binary Number (Integer) ; OUTPUT: Decimal char at DS:SI ; SI decremented after every division ; till AX<10. ; CX, DX, BX will be changed. ; mov cx, 10 btd_0: ; DX_AX = Dividend ; CX = Divisor call div32 ; DX_AX = Quotient ; BX = remainder add bl, '0' mov [si], bl and dx, dx jz short btd_2 btd_1: dec si jmp short btd_0 btd_2: or ax, ax jnz short btd_1 retn ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; Convert byte to hexadecimal number ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - byte_to_hex: bin_to_hex: ; INPUT -> ; AL = byte (binary number) ; OUTPUT -> ; AX = hexadecimal string ; push bx xor bx, bx mov bl, al shr bl, 4 mov bl, [bx+hexchrs] xchg bl, al and bl, 0Fh mov ah, [bx+hexchrs] pop bx retn ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; initialized data ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- align 2 trdos386fc: dw format_FAT16_fs dw 0 ;volume_id: ; dd 0 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; FAT boot sector code ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - TRDOS_FAT32_hd_bs: incbin 'FAT32_BS.BIN' TRDOS_FAT16_hd_bs: incbin 'FAT16_BS.BIN' TRDOS_FAT12_hd_bs: incbin 'FAT12_BS.BIN' ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; messages ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - lba: db 0 drv: db 0 sectors: db 0 db 0 heads: db 0 db 0 cylinders: dw 0 TrDOS_Welcome: db 0Dh, 0Ah db 'TR-DOS 386 v2 Hard Disk Partition Formatting Utility ' db 0Dh, 0Ah db '(c) Erdogan TAN 2020-2023' db 0Dh,0Ah db 0Dh,0Ah db 'Usage: hdformat ' db 0Dh,0Ah, 0Dh, 0Ah db 'Drive names: ' db 0Dh, 0Ah db ' hd0 or C: ..for primary dos partition on 1st disk ' db 0Dh, 0Ah db ' hd1 or D: ..for primary dos partition on 2nd disk ' db 0Dh, 0Ah db ' hd2 ..for primary dos partition on 3rd disk ' db 0Dh, 0Ah db ' hd3 ..for primary dos partition on 4th disk ' db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 db '25/09/2020' db 0 TrDOS_Format_warning: db 0Dh, 0Ah db "WARNING ! ", 0Dh, 0Ah db "(If you say 'Yes', all of data in the primary DOS partition will be lost !) " TrDOS_Do_you_want: db 0Dh, 0Ah db 0Dh, 0Ah db "Do you want to format DOS partition as TRDOS 386 FAT" fattype_str: db "16 fs ? (Y/N) " db 0 _yes_str: db 'YES ' db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 _no_str: db 'NO ' db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 _msg_OK: ;db 07h db 0Dh, 0Ah db "OK." TrDOS_CRLF: db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 TrDOS_PressKeyWhenReady: db 0Dh, 0Ah db 'Press Enter to format primary dos partition on hd' TrDOS_Drive: db '?. ', 0 TrDOS_disk_NotReadyOrError: db 0Dh, 0Ah db 'Disk error or drive not ready ! ' zbyte: db 'Try again ? (Y/N) ' db 0 TrDOS_psize_defect: db 0Dh, 0Ah db 'MBR partition size defect ! ' db 0Dh, 0Ah db '(less than the minimum number of sectors required) ' db 0 TRDOS_fatp_notfound: db 0Dh, 0Ah db 'MBR does not contain a primary DOS partition ! ' fattype: db 0 ;RetryCount: ; db 4 ;error: db 0 ;align 2 align 4 hexchrs: db '0123456789ABCDEF' Cursor_Pos: ; dw 0 CHS_limit: ; dword dw 0 ;dw 0 sign: dw 417 ; magic word ;align 4 msg_sectors_crlf: db " sector" msg_sectors_crlf_s: db "s" db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 vname_length: db 0 bs_oem_name: db 'TRDOS2.0', 0 align 2 no_name: db 'NO NAME ', 0 Msg_Volume_Name: db 0Dh, 0Ah db 0Dh, 0Ah db "Volume Name: ", 0 Msg_Volume_Serial: db "Volume Serial No: " Vol_Serial1: db "0000" db "-" Vol_Serial2: db "0000" db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 msg_cluster_count: db "Cluster Count: ", 0 cluster_count_str: db "0000000" db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 msg_formatting: db "Formatting ", 0 format_percent_str: db "000%" db 0 Msg_3dot_OK: db '...' Msg_OK: db ' OK.' CRLF: db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 Msg_Error: db 0Dh, 0Ah db 'Error ! ' db '(' error_code: dw 3030h db 'h' db ') ' db 0Dh, 0Ah db 0 ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ; initialized buffers ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - HDFORMAT_SECBUFFER: times 512 db 0F6h HDFORMAT_FSINFO_BUFF: dd 41615252h ; FSI_LeadSig times 480 db 0 ; FSI_Reserved1 dd 61417272h ; FSI_StrucSig dd 0FFFFFFFFh ; FSI_Free_Count dd 000000002h ; FSI_Nxt_Free times 12 db 0 ; FSI_Reserved2 dd 0AA550000h ; FSI_TrailSig ;SizeOfFile equ $-100 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; uninitialized data ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- bss_start: ABSOLUTE bss_start alignb 4 fsID: resb 1 rw: resb 1 csize: resw 1 ; heads*spt (sectors per cylinder) dosp_start: resd 1 ; start sector of the (primary) dos partition dosp_size: resd 1 ; partition size in sectors MBR: bootsector: ; resb 512 HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER: HDFORMAT_EMPTY_BUFF: resb 512 ;HDFORMAT_FATBUFFER: ;HDFORMAT_EMPTY_BUFF: ; resb 512 data_start: resd 1 data_sectors: resd 1 cluster_count: resd 1 root_dir_secs: resw 1 format_percent: resw 1 prev_percent: resb 1 rsvdbyte: resb 1 old_sp: resw 1 StrVolumeName: resb 12 end_bss: